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Table PDU-1. Estimates of prevalence of problem drug use at national level: summary table, 2006–11, rate per 1 000 aged 15–64

Part (i) Overall problem drug use

Country	Notes	Year	Central rate/1000 ages 15–64	Lower and Upper rates/1000 ages 15-64			Estimated number of users	Lower and upper bound of prevalence estimates			Target population [1]	Estimation methods [1]	Data sources [1]	Remarks:	Reference
Belgium		:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Bulgaria	1	2009	6.0	4.4	-	8.2	31316	23050	-	42920	PDU	CR	CJ ; TR ; EM		:
Czech Republic	1	2011	5.5	4.5	-	6.5	40200	32700	-	47700	PDU	TM	LTS;OS	Current IDUs (EMCDDAs definition, with the excetion that cocaine is not included in Czech definition) because cocaine use prevalence is very low and almost not measurable	7
Denmark	1	2009	9.12	8.6	-	9.7	33074	31151	-	34997	PDU	CR	TR	The target population are clients admitted to treatment for their drug problems over all (including users of cannabis).	8
Germany	2;6	2010	n.a.	3.7	-	4.4	n.a.	200402	-	237977	PDU	TM	TR;HO	:	31;34;36
Estonia		:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Ireland		:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Greece	1	2011	2.7	2.5	-	3.0	20473	18529	-	22688	POU	CR	TR	The entire population recorded by the TDI, subject to tha age being 15-64 years, who have injected in the last month indeendently of substance	3
Spain	5	:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
France	1;7	2011		6.7	-	8.8		274000	-	360000	PDU	MI;TM	TR;CJ;SS	Treatment multiplier: extrapolation of local estimates to the 96 "départements" in metropolitan France;MIM based on 6 anchor points; Treatment multiplier using police data	7;12;13
Italy	1	2009	10.0	9.7	-	10.2	393490	382500	-	404500	PDU	TM	TR	Opioid and Cocaine users eligible for treatment	27
Cyprus	1	2011	2.1	1.8	-	2.5	1240	1045	-	1506	PDU	TP	TR	Long term/ regular opioid and/ or cocaine users.	8
Latvia	1	2011	9.5	7.8	-	12.1	13141	10849	-	16811	PDU	TM	TR;OS	:	3
Lithuania		:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Luxembourg		2009	6.2	4.6	-	7.8	2070	1553		2623	PDU	OT	CJ ; TR ; DRID ; OST	EMCDDA definition for PDU	5
Hungary		:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Malta	5	:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Netherlands		:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Austria	1	2011	5.3	5.2	-	5.5	30306	29500	-	31111	POU	CR	TR ; CJ	(Poly-) drug use including opiates. According to other sources of data this is by far the main group of problem drug users in Austria	1;13
Poland	2	2009	2.9	2.1	-	3.8	79500	56000	-	103000	PDU	TM	TR ; GPS	The original age range of the study refers to all ages, the rates were adjusted to ages 15–64.	:
Portugal		:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Romania		:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Slovenia		:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Slovakia		2008	2.7	2.1	-	8.5	10519	8182	-	33489	PDU	TM	LTS	Estimate likely inflated due to change in number of data providers. For details see 2010 Slovak National Report	7
Finland		:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Sweden	2	2007	4.9	n.a.			29513	n.a.			PDU	TP	TR ; HO ; CJ	:	2
United Kingdom	1	2004-10	9.4	9.1	-	9.9	383534	372560	-	406406	PDU	CR ; MIM	TR ; CJ ; DRD	Based on estimates of opiate use in Northern Irealnd for 2004; opiates and/or benzodiazepines use in Scotland for 2009/10; opiate and/or crack cocaine use in England for 2009/10 and for long duration or regular use of opiates and/or cocaine in Wales for 2009/10	24;28; 29;30
Croatia	1;8	2011	3.3	2.7	-	4.2	9795	8104	-	12553	PDU	MM	TR	Target population is defined according to EMCDDA definition of PDU. PDU is defined as Injecting drug use of long duration/regular use of opioids, cocaine and /or amphetamines	2
Turkey	5	:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:
Norway		:	:	:			:	:		:	:	:	:	:	:

Notes:

n.a. = not available.

1 - Interval is a 95 % confidence interval.

2 - Confidence Interval not available.

3 - Interval is based on a sensitivity analysis.

4- Interval estimated using other method

5 - Malta, Spain, and Turkey reported estimates of problem opioid use only. For details see Table PDU-1 part (iii)

6-Germany reported two estimates for 2011 (based on MM or PM methods). However, data for 2010 TM method are presented here (For full details see Table PDU-102

7-The estimates provided here are based on treatment data and the multivariate indicator, and not on arrest data (police data). For more details, see National report

8-Croatia reported in 2011opioid & stimulants, while it had reported opioids in 2010. So data for 2010 are included in part (iii) and for 2011 in part (i)

PDU = Problem Drug Use

POU = Problem Opioid Use

CR = Capture Recapture

CM = Combined method

TM = Treatment Multiplier

TP = Truncated Poisson

OT = Other

HM = HIV Multiplier

MM = Mortality Multiplier

MI = Multivariate Indicator Method

TR = Treatment data.

GPS = General population surveys.

DRD = Drug related deaths.

OS = Other surveys.

SS = Social services.

LTS = Low-threshold programmes.

CJ = Criminal justice data.

HO = Hospitals.

OST = Opioid substitution treatment registry.

DRID = Infectious Diseases Registries

For further details on methods and data sources/comments see Table PDU-102 and Table PDU-103.

See also ‘General notes for interpreting data’ on the Explanatory notes and help page

Sources:

For bibliographic references see Table PDU-0

2013 REITOX National Reports - Fonte PDU template

Download spreadsheet version (.xls)